<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<style type="text/css" style="display:none;"><!-- P {margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;} --></style>
</head>
<body dir="ltr">
<div id="divtagdefaultwrapper" style="font-size:12pt;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif;" dir="ltr">
<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0">Brandy, Samantha, Saretta</p>
<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><b>Vroom's Expectancy Theory</b></p>
<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><b style="font-size: 12pt;">Describe instrumentality and valence as they apply to expectancy theory and particularly to motivation. </b></p>
<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><b style="font-size: 12pt;"><br>
</b></p>
<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0">-<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Valance is motivation; extrinsic or intrinsic. </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Valence refers to the emotional orientations
people hold with respect to outcomes [rewards]. The depth of the want of an employee for extrinsic [money, promotion, time-off, benefits] or intrinsic [satisfaction] rewards). Management must discover what employees value.</span></p>
<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0">-Instrumentality-<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">The perception of employees as to whether they will actually get what they desire even if it has been promised
by a manager. Management must ensure that promises of rewards are fulfilled and that employees are aware of that.</span><b></b></p>
<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">-Vroom suggests that an employee's beliefs about Expectancy, Instrumentality, and Valence interact
psychologically to create a motivational force such that the employee acts in ways that bring pleasure and avoid pain.</span><b></b><br>
</span></p>
<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><b style="font-size: 12pt;"><br>
</b></p>
<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0"><b style="font-size: 12pt;"></b><b style="font-size: 12pt;">How might you use instrumentality and valence to enhance motivation among the staff once you become an administrator?</b></p>
<div><br>
</div>
-In order to have the force of motivation: Expectancy- High expectations, Instrumentality- Feel that you will be rewarded for your hard work, Valence: Attractiveness of the reward. All three of these areas need to be met in order to have a high motivation.
If you want your staff motivated, then you need have high expectations and the staff needs to know that they will be rewarded or recognized for their hard work. The administrator needs to make the staff feel like their work is valued and that the rewards are
indicative of the work they have accomplished.
<div><br>
<p></p>
<div id="Signature">
<div id="divtagdefaultwrapper" dir="ltr" style="font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif, EmojiFont, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", NotoColorEmoji, "Segoe UI Symbol", "Android Emoji", EmojiSymbols;">
<div dir="ltr" style="color:rgb(0,0,0); font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif,"EmojiFont","Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji",NotoColorEmoji,"Segoe UI Symbol","Android Emoji",EmojiSymbols; font-size:12pt">
</div>
<p dir="ltr" style="color:rgb(0,0,0); font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif,"EmojiFont","Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji",NotoColorEmoji,"Segoe UI Symbol","Android Emoji",EmojiSymbols; font-size:12pt">
<span style="font-family:"Lucida Handwriting","Apple Chancery",cursive; font-size:14pt">Brandy Bruce</span></p>
<div dir="ltr" style="color:rgb(0,0,0); font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif,"EmojiFont","Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji",NotoColorEmoji,"Segoe UI Symbol","Android Emoji",EmojiSymbols; font-size:12pt">
<font size="2"><span style="font-size:12pt">Graduate Student</span></font></div>
<span style="font-size:12pt"></span>
<div dir="ltr" style="color:rgb(0,0,0); font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif,"EmojiFont","Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji",NotoColorEmoji,"Segoe UI Symbol","Android Emoji",EmojiSymbols; font-size:12pt">
<span style="font-size:12pt"></span></div>
<span style="font-size:12pt"></span>
<p dir="ltr" style="color:rgb(0,0,0); font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif,"EmojiFont","Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji",NotoColorEmoji,"Segoe UI Symbol","Android Emoji",EmojiSymbols; font-size:12pt">
<span style="font-size:12pt">Ohio University Southern Campus</span><br>
</p>
<div dir="ltr" style="color:rgb(0,0,0); font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif,"EmojiFont","Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji",NotoColorEmoji,"Segoe UI Symbol","Android Emoji",EmojiSymbols; font-size:12pt">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>