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<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:black'>Thanks, Tom. I had just read the ruling on the last case. Yes, the
cases are very affirming.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:black'>Tracy Leinbaugh, PhD, NCC, PCC-S<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:black'>Associate Professor <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:black'>Chair, Department of Counseling and Higher Education<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:black'>205 McCracken Hall<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:black'>Ohio University<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:black'>Athens, OH 45701<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=FR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:black'>Phone: 740-593-0846<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=FR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:black'>E-mail: </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:black'><a href="mailto:leinbaug@ohio.edu"><span lang=FR>leinbaug@ohio.edu</span></a></span><span
lang=FR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=FR style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:#363636'>Show, by your actions, that you choose peace over war, freedom
over oppression, voice over silence, service over self-interest, respect over
advantage, cooperation over competition, action over passivity, diversity over
uniformity, and justice over all. </span><span lang=EN style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:black'> </span><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>
counselor_educ-bounces@listserv.ohio.edu
[mailto:counselor_educ-bounces@listserv.ohio.edu] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Davis,
Thomas<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Monday, August 23, 2010 4:54 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> counselor_educ@listserv.ohio.edu<br>
<b>Cc:</b> Renee Middleton; John J Biancamano<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Counselor_Educ] Two recent Rulings Inside Higher Education<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>CHE Colleagues,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>I thought that you might be interested in the attached
article which is very affirming to our Accreditation efforts, and to our
professional standards. This reflects two court cases in which programs were
aggressively pursued not just by Anti Gay student(s), but also by groups
interested in subverting the rights of Gay Americans.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>Although not mentioned in the article, both institutions are
CACREP Accredited and in both cases they were processed through the programs
Review and Retention policy required by CACREP…a practice that our program has
followed for many years. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>Tom<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><i><span style='color:#007635'>Tom Davis, Ph.D., PCC,
Professor <o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><i><span style='color:#007635'>Ohio University<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><i><span style='color:#007635'>Athens Ohio 45701<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:#007635'>davist@ohio.edu<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><i><span style='color:#007635'>740-593-2958<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><img border=0 width=98 height=27 id="Picture_x0020_1"
src="cid:image001.jpg@01CB42E4.135ADE10" alt="New Ohio Logo 026"><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>For a brief article regarding the judge’s recent ruling on
the Augusta State case, please visit the link below:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><a href="http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2010/08/23/psych">http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2010/08/23/psych</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>This information, coupled with the ruling on the Eastern
Michigan case last month, is good news for the counseling profession and for
higher education in general. The judges in both cases make it clear that
they are relying on the educators and the profession to determine the
appropriate preparation and course(s) of remediation for students who may need
additional knowledge and skill development to function effectively as a
counselor. The judges also clearly keep the issues from falling into the
trap of these cases being about religious freedoms being violated. I
suspect we will see both cases appealed (I believe they have already filed for
an appeal in the Eastern Michigan case), but I think we have some good
information from which to draw when we re-look at the policy on
inclusion. It could be that we do nothing and simply rely on the
Standards to speak for themselves.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'><img
border=0 width=171 height=82 id=print-header
src="cid:image002.png@01CB42E4.135ADE10"
alt="http://www.insidehighered.com/design/ihe/images/print-logo.png"><br
clear=all>
<br clear=all>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h3>Search News<o:p></o:p></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'><br>
<a href="http://www.insidehighered.com/news/archive">Browse Archives</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h1><span style='color:#313131'>News<o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<h1><span style='color:#313131'>Legal Loss for Anti-Gay Student <o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'>August
23, 2010 <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<h3>Share This Story<o:p></o:p></h3>
<p><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'>For the second
month in a row, a federal judge has backed the right of a public university to enforce
standards of its counseling graduate programs -- even when religious students
object to standards requiring them to treat gay people on an equal basis.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'>The latest
ruling came Friday in Georgia, where Judge J. Randal Hall refused to grant an
injunction that would block Augusta State University from expelling Jennifer
Keeton from a master's program over her refusal to comply with a remedial
program designed to deal with concerns faculty members and fellow students had
about the way she would counsel gay people. Keeton has maintained that being
forced to comply with the remedial program would effectively force her to
change her Christian beliefs -- something that she and her legal backers
maintain a public university has no right to do.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'>In <a
href="http://chronicle.augusta.com/sites/default/files/SKMBT_60110082017270.pdf"
target="_blank">his ruling,</a> Judge Hall tried hard to keep the case from
becoming a culture wars flash point. "[T]his is not a case pitting
Christianity against homosexuality," he wrote. What the case was about, he
wrote, was the right of a public university to enforce reasonable academic
standards. He wrote that "matters of educational policy should be left to
educators and it is not the proper role of federal judges to second guess an
educator's professional judgment."<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'>The ruling
noted that the standards for Keeton winning her injunction were quite high, and
that the full record of the case has not been reviewed. But the judge framed
the case as one of academic rights -- and he did so in a similar way to the
ruling last month by another federal judge. In a full ruling in that case, the
judge <a href="http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2010/07/28/counseling"
target="_blank">upheld the right of a counseling program at Eastern Michigan University
to kick out a master's student</a> who declined to counsel gay clients in an
affirming way -- as required by the university program and counseling
associations.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'>Advocates for
religious students at secular universities had hoped to use the two cases to
define broadly the right of students to ignore requirements of professional
associations and related degree programs that relate to equitable treatment for
gay people. And after the Eastern Michigan ruling, on which an appeal is
expected, many supporters of the religious students suggested that the Augusta
State case may have been their stronger one. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'>A gag order in
the case prevents officials on either side from commenting, but the judge's
ruling almost certainly will be cause for concern among those advocating for
Keeton and those with similar religious beliefs. (<a
href="http://www.alliancedefensefund.org/Home/ADFContent?cid=5346"
target="_blank">A press release</a> issued by the Alliance Defense Fund, which
is representing Keeton, issued when the suit was filed, offers its take on the
case -- from before the latest ruling.)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><b><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'>Keeton's
Objections and the University's Response</span></b><span style='font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'>As detailed in
court records, Keeton enrolled in the master's program in counseling at Augusta
State in 2009, with the goal of becoming a school counselor. The program's
curriculum -- as is common -- is based in part on teaching and abiding by the
ethics code of the American Counseling Association, which requires counselors
to avoid bias on any number of grounds (including sexual orientation) and to
counsel individuals in ways that respect their lives and beliefs.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'>In classroom
discussions and papers, Keeton (according to the judge's ruling) stated that
she condemned homosexuality, said that sexual orientation was a matter of
personal choice, and told fellow students that -- if given the opportunity to
counsel gay people -- she would recommend "conversion therapy" in
which gay people are counseled to become straight. (There is a scholarly
consensus among psychology experts that such therapy doesn't work and can harm
those who undergo it.)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'>Keeton's
program directors placed her in "remediation status," citing their
concerns that she would be unable to effectively counsel gay clients. Students
who are placed in such status must complete certain requirements or they are
expelled from the program. Among the tasks she was given:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#313131;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3'><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Attend
three workshops on "improving cross-cultural" communication,
with the idea of learning to work effectively with gay populations. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#313131;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3'><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Read
at least 10 articles in peer-reviewed counseling or psychology journals on
counseling gay populations. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#313131;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3'><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>"Increase
exposure to and interaction with gay populations" through activities
such as attending the local gay pride parade, and report on those activities.
<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#313131;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo3'><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Study
the Association for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Issues in
Counseling's <a href="http://www.algbtic.org/resources/competencies.html"
target="_blank">Competencies for Counseling with Transgender Clients.</a> <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'>Keeton
originally agreed to try to comply with the requirements, but then said she
couldn't and sued. She charged the university with engaging in "viewpoint
discrimination" by violating her freedom of speech, her right to freely
practice her religion, and her right to due process, among other allegations.
She also sought the injunction that was denied Friday -- asking for an
immediate order that would block the university from enforcing its rules
against her.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'>Judge Hall
cited several pieces of evidence submitted by the university as showing that
Keeton was sanctioned not for her religious views but for the university's
belief that she was going to act in ways inconsistent with the professional
standards under which it trains students. Faculty members testified that they
did not care about Keeton's personal religious beliefs or require that she
change them to continue in the program -- only that she agree to treat people
within the nondiscriminatory standards of the profession.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'>The university
also submitted affidavits from fellow students in which they said that Keeton
told them she planned as a counselor to tell any gay clients that their conduct
was "morally wrong" and to try to get them to "change"
themselves, and that she would seek to work in schools without any gay people
or that she would refer gay people to other counselors. (Counseling standards
specifically state that it's not permitted to refer clients because of sexual
orientation or other factors, and that counselors are required to be able to
work with all groups.)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'>In his decision,
Judge Hall wrote that these facts made the issue not one of religious belief,
but of specific curriculum-based decisions appropriately made by a faculty.
"[T]he record suggests, and the testimony at the hearing bolsters, that
the plan was imposed because plaintiff exhibited an inability to counsel in a
professionally ethical manner -- that is, an inability to resist imposing her
moral viewpoint on counselees -- in violation of the ACA Code of Ethics, which
is part of the ASU counseling program's curriculum."<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'>From a legal
perspective, he added, the issue isn't whether the curriculum requirements
reflect the best possible approach -- only that they represent a legitimate one
that is not "a pretext" but a genuine academic point of view.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'>"Whether I
would have imposed the remediation plan, or what I would have included in the
plan itself, is not the question, for the Supreme Court instructs that
educators, not federal judges, are the ones that choose among pedagogical
approaches," he wrote. "I will not, especially at this early stage of
the litigation, serve as an ersatz dean. In fact, judicial restraint mandates
that I not."<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#313131'>—
<a href="mailto:scott.jaschik@insidehighered.com"><b><span style='color:#DC5100;
text-decoration:none'>Scott Jaschik</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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